During the first half-cycle of an across-the-line motor starting, the current may momentarily reach a high value.

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Multiple Choice

During the first half-cycle of an across-the-line motor starting, the current may momentarily reach a high value.

Explanation:
When a motor is started directly across the line, the rotor is initially stationary, so the motor behaves almost like a short circuit across the supply. With almost no back electromotive force yet generated, the impedance seen by the supply is low, causing a surge of current far above the normal running current. This transient follows within the first half-cycle and then settles down as the rotor speeds up and back EMF increases, reducing the current to the normal full-load value. This brief, high-current spike is called inrush current, and it’s a typical characteristic of across-the-line starting.

When a motor is started directly across the line, the rotor is initially stationary, so the motor behaves almost like a short circuit across the supply. With almost no back electromotive force yet generated, the impedance seen by the supply is low, causing a surge of current far above the normal running current. This transient follows within the first half-cycle and then settles down as the rotor speeds up and back EMF increases, reducing the current to the normal full-load value. This brief, high-current spike is called inrush current, and it’s a typical characteristic of across-the-line starting.

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